The Great Wall of China

*Includes pictures of the Great Wall of China and important people. *Includes ancient accounts and descriptions of the construction of the Great Wall of China. *Includes footnotes and a bibliography for further reading. *Includes a table of contents. "This territory is occupied by wandering tribes of heathen, who eat such people as they can catch, and for this reason no one enters their country or attempts to travel there. I saw nobody in this city who had been to the Great Wall, or who knew anybody who had been there." - Ibn Batuta, Moroccan explorer, c. 1345 The Great Wall of China is perhaps the wonder of the world that has most captured the human imagination, and as the quotes about it indicate, the wall has acquired special significance even outside of China. The places and ways in which it has taken hold vary greatly, but one thing is certain: the Great Wall of China is as amazing as it is mysterious, and it's as mundane as it is magical. Naturally, the Wall has become the most recognizable symbol of China, used for both aggrandizement and criticism. Nationalists see it as a symbol of China's peaceful nature, engineering capability, and historic longevity, while detractors see the Wall as the embodiment of China's backwardness, closed-mindedness, and hubris. While history allots arguments for the claims of each side, both of them are colored by Great Wall mythology and current geopolitical concerns. Though the wall can symbolize all of these things about China, it is important to remember that the many long walls. upon some of which the current landmark was constructed, were put up by specific people for specific purposes. The first step to a more accurate conception of the Wall is getting a better understanding of its name, because "The Great Wall of China" is a misleading label. More accurately, it may be called the "Great Walls of China," for several dynasties beginning early in Chinese history built fortifications of some kind, usually to the north. These constructions were alternately expanded, connected, dismantled, or neglected, depending on the circumstances and preferences of those in charge. In fact, the Chinese name wan li chang cheng gets closer to capturing the true nature of the wall(s). The name literally means 10,000-1/2 kilometers-long-wall, because 10,000 in Chinese is often shorthand for "many." The walls, measured separately and added up, actually span over 21,000 kilometers (13,000 miles), according to a 2007 government survey, a figure that includes all the known walls from all the dynasties without regard to current condition (even walls that have not stood for centuries were included). What this number explains more than anything is that the story of the Great Wall is very complex and closely tied to the whole of Chinese history, so parsing fact from fiction and rumor is tricky. The Great Wall of China: The History of China's Most Famous Landmark comprehensively looks at the history behind the wall and its construction. Along with pictures, you will learn about the Great Wall like never before, in no time at all.